Impaired glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes are associated with hypercoagulability: Potential role of central adiposity and low-grade inflammation - The Hoorn Study
RIS ID
124144
Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (DM2) is associated with greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which may, at least partially, be explained by prothrombotic alterations. We therefore investigated; first, the extent to which individuals with impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) and/or DM2 had greater levels of thrombin generation than those with normal glucose metabolism (NGM); and second, whether any differences were independent of other cardiovascular risk factors, such as smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, (micro)albuminuria, glycemic control and (central) adiposity, and/or were potentially 'mediated' by low-grade inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)). Materials and methods: We studied 744 individuals from the Hoorn Study (275 NGM, 176 IGM and 293 DM2, mean age 68.6 ± 7.1 years). Thrombin generation in platelet-poor plasma was measured using the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram and three parameters were derived: lag time, peak height and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP). Data were analyzed with multiple linear regression analyses. Results: After adjustment for age, sex, prior CVD and smoking status, individuals with IGM or DM2 had a longer lag time [ß = 0.14 min (95% CI: 0.02; 0.26)], higher peak height [ß = 7.29 nM (- 1.33; 15.91)] and ETP [ß = 35.65nM*min (0.97; 70.34)] than those with NGM. These differences were attenuated to ß = 0.06 min (- 0.07; 0.19), 3.82 nM (- 5.46; 13.10) and 16.34 nM*min (- 20.92; 53.59), respectively, when further adjusted for waist circumference and hsCRP. Conclusion: Individuals with IGM or DM2 had up to 4% higher thrombin generation compared with NGM, which may be explained, to a great extent, by the greater levels of central adiposity and related low-grade inflammation characterizing these individuals.
Publication Details
Beijers, H. J. B. H., Ferreira, I., Spronk, H. M. H., Bravenboer, B., Dekker, J. M., Nijpels, G., ten Cate, H. & Stehouwer, C. D. A. (2012). Impaired glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes are associated with hypercoagulability: Potential role of central adiposity and low-grade inflammation - The Hoorn Study. Thrombosis Research: vascular obstruction, hemorrhage and hemostasis, 129 (5), 557-562.