Anthocyanins attenuate vascular and inflammatory responses to a high fat high energy meal challenge in overweight older adults: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind clinical trial

Authors

Vinicius do Rosario, University of WollongongFollow
Courtney Chang, University of WollongongFollow
Jaclyn Spencer, University of Wollongong
Thilani Alahakone, University of Wollongong
Steven J. Roodenrys, University of WollongongFollow
Monique E. Francois, University of WollongongFollow
Katrina Weston-Green, University of WollongongFollow
Nadine Holzel
David Nichols, University Of Melbourne
Katherine S. Kent, University of WollongongFollow
David Williams
Ian M. R Wright, University of WollongongFollow
Karen E. Charlton, University of WollongongFollow

RIS ID

146128

Publication Details

do Rosario, V., Chang, C., Spencer, J., Alahakone, T., Roodenrys, S., Francois, M., Green, K., Holzel, N., Nichols, D., Kent, K., Williams, D., Wright, I. & Charlton, K. (2020). Anthocyanins attenuate vascular and inflammatory responses to a high fat high energy meal challenge in overweight older adults: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Clinical Nutrition,

Abstract

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Background & aims: Postprandial metabolic imbalances are important indicators of later developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigated the effects of food anthocyanins on vascular and microvascular function, and CVD associated biomarkers following a high fat high energy (HFHE) meal challenge in overweight older adults. Methods: Sixteen subjects (13 female, 3 male, mean age 65.9 SD 6.0 and body mass index 30.6 kg/m2 SD 3.9) participated in a crossover, randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial (registered under Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, identifier no. ACTRN12620000437965). Participants consumed a HFHE meal with a 250 mL dose of either intervention (anthocyanins-rich Queen Garnet Plum) or control (apricot) juice. Blood samples and blood pressure measures were collected at baseline, 2 h and 4 h following the HFHE meal. Vascular and microvascular function were evaluated at baseline and 2 h after the HFHE meal. Results: Participants had a higher 2 h postprandial flow-mediated dilatation (+1.14%) and a higher microvascular post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (+0.10 perfusion units per mmHg) when allocated to the anthocyanin compared to the control arm (P = 0.019 and P = 0.049, respectively). C-reactive protein was lower 4 h postprandially in the anthocyanins (1.80 mg/L, IQR 0.90) vs control arm (2.30 mg/L, IQR 1.95) (P = 0.026), accompanied by a trend for lower concentrations of interleukin-6 (P = 0.075). No significant postprandial differences were observed between treatments for blood pressure, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, serum derivatives of reactive oxidative metabolites, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, or maximum microvascular perfusion following iontophoresis of acetylcholine. Conclusion: Fruit-based anthocyanins attenuated the potential postprandial detrimental effects of a HFHE challenge on parameters of vascular and microvascular function, and inflammatory biomarkers in overweight older adults. Anthocyanins may reduce cardiovascular risk associated with endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory responses to a typical high fat ‘Western’ meal. Further studies are required to better elucidate the clinical implications of postprandial biomarkers of CVD.