Ozonation of carbamazepine, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim and formation of major oxidation products

Authors

Sultan Alharbi, University of WollongongFollow
William E. Price, University of WollongongFollow
Jinguo Kang, University of WollongongFollow
Takahiro Fujioka, Nagasaki UniversityFollow
Long D. Nghiem, University of WollongongFollow

RIS ID

106863

Publication Details

Alharbi, S. K., Price, W. E., Kang, J., Fujioka, T. & Nghiem, L. D. (2016). Ozonation of carbamazepine, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim and formation of major oxidation products. Desalination and Water Treatment, 57 (60), 29340-29351.

Abstract

The degradation of four pharmaceuticals, carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DCF), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) by ozonation was studied under a range of experimental conditions, including ozone dosage and concentration of target compounds. The concentration profile of the pharmaceuticals and detection of any by-products formed was carried out using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. CBZ, DCF, TMP and SMX at initial concentration of 5 mg/L each were degraded to below the method detection limit (1 μg/L) when they reacted with 1.6, 2.3, 2.8 and 4.5 mg/L of ozone, respectively. For each parent compound several by-products were detected after the ozone treatment. A number of these by-products have not been previously reported in the literature. Some of these by-products were founds to be quite resistant to ozone up to applied ozone dosages of 15 mg/L.