Year
2006
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy
Department
School of Health Sciences - Faculty of Health & Behavioural Sciences
Recommended Citation
Wallace, Margaret, The game of expertise: investigating the use of science in a professional disciplinary setting, PhD thesis, School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2006. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/854
Abstract
The thesis aims to examine and understand what takes place when a statutory authority, responsible for regulating the practice of a particular set of clinicians (nurses and midwives), claims to use the principles of evidence-based practice to scrutinise the practice of an authorised clinician. It reports on the results of a thematic analysis of the reasons for decision, findings, and transcripts of the New South Wales Nurses’ Tribunal hearings into allegations of professional misconduct made against homebirth midwife Maggie Lecky Thompson in the period 1996 to 1998.
This thesis is about the connection between the scientific basis for health care and the way that this type of knowledge is used to make judgements about the acceptability or otherwise of the care provided by a health care professional. The research takes as a starting point the development of evidence-based practice in health care and the use of empirically supported guidelines to direct care decisions. It acknowledges the socially constructed and contingent nature of such knowledge.
Themes were derived from the conceptual framework of the ‘Game board of expertise’ developed by Sheila Jasanoff, a sociology of scientific knowledge scholar. These themes provide organisers that enable analysis and understanding of the tactics deployed by both, the complainant, the New South Wales Health Care Complaints Commission, and the respondent, Maggie Lecky Thompson in their presentation, construction and deconstruction of scientific evidence as mediated by each party’s expert witnesses. When viewed from the perspective of the findings and ‘reasons for decision’ of each of the two relevant NSW Nurses’ Tribunal hearings, this thematic analysis provides insights to the rationale for the deployment of particular strategic manoeuvres by the protagonists in this legal action.
The analysis reveals that the themes of neutrality, credibility, objectivity, framing choices, standards of admissibility, and form and function were extant in the transcripts, findings, or reasons for findings of the NSW Nurses’ Tribunal hearings into allegations of professional misconduct made against midwife Maggie Lecky Thompson. There was no evidence of one remaining theme, judicial predilection, in the public documents available in relation to these hearings.
Jasanoff’s ‘Game board of expertise’ is a tool that assists in the analysis of the processes of ‘constructing’ scientific facts and moulding them to the particular purposes of each of the protagonists to a legal dispute. This type of analysis is a potentially useful tool for understanding the process by which one voice, usually the scientific voice, is privileged over others and also how opposing points of view are subjugated.
02Whole.pdf (1953 kB)
Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong.