Coaggregation of κ-Casein and β-Lactoglobulin Produces Morphologically Distinct Amyloid Fibrils

RIS ID

112352

Publication Details

Raynes, J. K., Day, L., Crepin, P., Horrocks, M. H. & Carver, J. A. (2017). Coaggregation of κ-Casein and β-Lactoglobulin Produces Morphologically Distinct Amyloid Fibrils. Small, 13 (14), 1-1603591-11-1603591.

Abstract

The unfolding, misfolding, and aggregation of proteins lead to a variety of structural species. One form is the amyloid fibril, a highly aligned, stable, nanofibrillar structure composed of β-sheets running perpendicular to the fibril axis. β-Lactoglobulin (β-Lg) and κ-casein (κ-CN) are two milk proteins that not only individually form amyloid fibrillar aggregates, but can also coaggregate under environmental stress conditions such as elevated temperature. The aggregation between β-Lg and κ-CN is proposed to proceed via disulfide bond formation leading to amorphous aggregates, although the exact mechanism is not known. Herein, using a range of biophysical techniques, it is shown that β-Lg and κ-CN coaggregate to form morphologically distinct co-amyloid fibrillar structures, a phenomenon previously limited to protein isoforms from different species or different peptide sequences from an individual protein. A new mechanism of aggregation is proposed whereby β-Lg and κ-CN not only form disulfide-linked aggregates, but also amyloid fibrillar coaggregates. The coaggregation of two structurally unrelated proteins into cofibrils suggests that the mechanism can be a generic feature of protein aggregation as long as the prerequisites for sequence similarity are met.

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Link to publisher version (DOI)

http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201603591