Investigation of sea sand and seawater in GFRP reinforced concrete structures

This study investigates the feasibility of using natural sea sand and seawater in concrete, instead of the conventional river sand or washed sea sand and freshwater. River sand or washed sea sand and freshwater is typically used in concrete to prevent the corrosion of the steel reinforcement. Corrosion of the steel reinforcement will inevitably result in concrete cracking and structural failure if not remediated. The use of sea sand and seawater in concrete with noncorrosive GFRP reinforcement mitigates this issue.