Behaviour of sand-scrap tyre mixtures under the constant shear drained and conventional undrained stress paths

<p dir="ltr">Legal and illegal storing of scrap tyres (ST) is hazardous for the environment and human health. Like other waste materials, ST can be reused and recycled. Reusing ST provides an economic benefit and environmental safety. Recently, a number of studies have been conducted to discover viable solutions for the reuse of ST in Civil Engineering applications. The use of ST in Civil Engineering projects is relatively low compared to the annual generation of ST. Past experimental investigations suggest that the inclusion of ST affects the shear strength parameters, increases permeability, decreases the density and affects the dilatancy of sand. Applying ST, in the form of tyre chips (TCh) or crumbs (TCr), with the sand can reduce potential soil instability that leads to the failure of earth structures due to water infiltration. The failure of earth structures subjected to water infiltration can be simulated in the laboratory through constant shear drained (CSD) stress path tests.</p>