The longitudinal links between shame and increasing hostility during adolescence

Little research has examined changes in emotional experience in adolescents. We hypothesized that the experience of shame would lead adolescents to become increasingly hostile. We report a one-year longitudinal study involving 765 high school students (392 males and 373 females; mean age = 14.41 yrs) in Grade 9 at Time 1 and 670 students (335 males and 335 females) in Grade 10 at Time 2. Shame and hostility showed high levels of stability over one-year. Structural equation modelling showed that higher shame in Grade 9 was predictive of increases in hostility in Grade 10, whereas hostility was not predictive of increases in shame. These results are discussed with reference to the nature of shame and its potential to provoke antisocial behaviour.