Professionals' recommended strategies to improve Australian adolescents' knowledge of nutrition and food systems

Background: Education and policy measures within schools are valuable strategies to promote health. This study explored views of experienced food-related educators, researchers and policy-makers regarding their recommended strategies to improve Australian adolescents' knowledge of nutrition and food systems (N & FS). Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-one experienced food-related experts from across Australia. Interviews were conducted either by telephone or face-to-face. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Results: Five central themes and five sub-themes were identified from food professionals' suggestions for best strategies to improve adolescents' knowledge of N & FS. The central themes included: (1) specific improvements in schools' core curricula; (2) pre-service and in-service training of school teachers about N & FS; (3) training students to develop a critical mind about N & FS issues; (4) multidisciplinary collaborations to improve school-based N & FS education; and (5) a supportive N & FS education environment for students. Conclusion and implication: These findings provide a guide for curriculum developers, educational policy developers, and food educators to incorporate the suggested N & FS strategies into Australian education programs in order to improve Australian adolescents' knowledge and skills of N & FS issues. The results of this investigation also may assist the development of international N & FS curricula guides.