Polymers in nanobionics

Effectively bridging the interface between electronics and biology is critically dependent on advances in new electronically conducting materials. The discovery of inherently conducting polymers (ICPs) in the late 1970s revolutionised this field and organic electronic conductors are now at our disposal. The soft character of ICPs provides an extra dimension in designing interfaces between the hard, digital electronics world and the soft, amorphous world of biological systems. ICPs are unique with their potential to impact on bionic devices from the molecular, through the cellular, to the skeletal level.