Phytochemical and pharmacological studies on four Indonesian epiphytic medicinal plants: Drynaria rigidula, Hydnophytum formicarum, Usnea misaminensis, and Calymperes schmidtii

Phytochemical studies performed on 4 Indonesian epiphytic medicinal plants, Drynaria rigidula L., Hydnophytum formicarum Jack, Usnea misaminensis (Vain) Motyka, and Calymperes schmidtii Broth., revealed 11 known secondary metabolites (1-11), reported from these species for the first time. The methanol extracts and their fractions were screened against infective agents and cancer cells. The dichloromethane fractions of H. formicarum, U. misaminensis, and C. schmidtii showed activity against lung cancer cells with IC50 values of 35, 11, and 20 µg/mL, respectively.