Palladium Metallene-Based Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion Applications

Palladium (Pd)-based catalysts are considered compelling alternatives to platinum (Pt)-based counterparts in various electrocatalytic reactions. Recently, Pd metallene-based nanomaterials have emerged as innovative materials for electrocatalysis, demonstrating unique functional properties and exceptional catalytic activity. This review aims to discuss recent research progress on Pd metallene-based electrocatalysts for energy conversion applications, providing an overview of their design strategies and pivotal advantages. Seven pivotal construction strategies for Pd metallene-based electrocatalysts, including defect engineering, interface engineering, strain effect, phase engineering, alloying effect, and doping effect, are meticulously introduced and comprehensively discussed, highlighting their critical roles in modulating the electronic structure and coordination environment. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives on the future directions of Pd metallene-based electrocatalysts are provided.