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Maternal obesity is associated with the formation of small dense LDL and hypoadiponectinemia in the third trimester

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posted on 2024-11-14, 22:37 authored by Barbara MeyerBarbara Meyer, Frances M Stewart, Elizabeth A Brown, Josephine Cooney, Solveig Nilsson, Gunilla Olivecrona, Jane E Ramsay, Bruce A Griffin, Muriel J Caslake, Dilys Freeman
CONTEXT: Maternal obesity is associated with high plasma triglyceride, poor vascular function, and an increased risk for pregnancy complications. In normal-weight pregnant women, higher triglyceride is associated with increased small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL). HYPOTHESIS: In obese pregnancy, increased plasma triglyceride concentrations result in triglyceride enrichment of very low-density lipoprotein-1 particles and formation of small dense LDL via lipoprotein lipase. DESIGN: Women (n = 55) of body mass index of 18-46 kg/m(2) were sampled longitudinally at 12, 26, and 35 weeks' gestation and 4 months postnatally. SETTING: Women were recruited at hospital antenatal appointments, and study visits were in a clinical research suite. OUTCOME MEASURES: Plasma concentrations of lipids, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, lipoprotein lipase mass, estradiol, steroid hormone binding globulin, insulin, glucose, leptin, and adiponectin were determined. RESULTS: Obese women commenced pregnancy with higher plasma triglyceride, reached the same maximum, and then returned to higher postnatal levels than normal-weight women. Estradiol response to pregnancy (trimester 1-3 incremental area under the curve) was positively associated with plasma triglyceride response (r(2) adjusted 25%, P <.001). In the third trimester, the proportion of small, dense LDL was 2-fold higher in obese women than normal-weight women [mean (SD) 40.7 (18.8) vs 21.9 (10.9)%, P =.014], and 35% of obese, 14% of overweight, and none of the normal-weight women displayed an atherogenic LDL subfraction phenotype. The small, dense LDL mass response to pregnancy was inversely associated with adiponectin response (17%, P =.013). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal obesity is associated with an atherogenic LDL subfraction phenotype and may provide a mechanistic link to poor vascular function and adverse pregnancy outcome.

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Citation

Meyer, B. J., Stewart, F. M., Brown, E. A., Cooney, J., Nilsson, S., Olivecrona, G., Ramsay, J. E., Griffin, B. A., Caslake, M. J. & Freeman, D. J. 2013, 'Maternal obesity is associated with the formation of small dense LDL and hypoadiponectinemia in the third trimester', Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 643-652.

Journal title

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volume

98

Issue

2

Pagination

643-652

Language

English

RIS ID

75594

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