Health-related quality of life among adults living with diabetic foot ulcers: a meta-analysis

Purpose To undertake a systematic review of the literature to investigate the HRQOL among adults living with DFUs. Methods A systematic search of the medical and nursing/health content databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO was conducted up to November 2018. The methodological quality of each study was assessed independently by all authors using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Data analysis was conducted using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software. All analyses were performed using random-effects models and heterogeneity was quantified. Results A total of 12 studies were included in the review. Overall, the HRQOL of participants in the studies was poor on four of eight subscales in the SF-36: physical functioning (mean = 42.75, SE 1.5); role physical (mean = 20.61, SE 3.4); general health (mean = 39.52, SE 1.7); and vitality (mean = 45.73, SE 2.8). In addition, presence of pain, high levels of C-reactive protein (> 10 mg/L), ulcer size > 5 cm2, Ankle Brachial Index < 0.9, high glycosylated haemoglobin and body mass index > 25 kg/m2 were associated with poorer HRQOL in people with DFUs. Conclusions This review has provided evidence indicating that people with DFUs have a significantly lower HRQOL. Evidence-based interventions to improve the HRQOL in this group of people is needed.