Byproduct use optimization in a combined sinter plant and blast furnace model

Integrated steelplants produce a range of byproducts. An increased focus on sustainability and a global drive to develop a circular economy has shifted focus from byproducts that can be reused without significant operational impact to byproducts that have physical or chemical characteristics that complicate reuse. A case study of byproduct reuse was undertaken using an existing integrated SP and BF model that included ten trace elements considered critical for the assessment of byproduct reuse: As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Ti, V, Se, and Zn. The case study presents work undertaken to optimize the use of biochar and the reuse of byproduct activated carbon in the BF. Scenarios also include the reuse of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) filter cake (FC) in the BF, and the use of BF flue dust in both the SP and BF. Significant rates of biochar use were noted, with maximum biochar use not limited by the assumed As and Pb concentrations. The activated carbon byproduct could be reused at its production rate without violating the BF Zn input limit, while use of BOF FC was limited by its Zn content.