Impact of using different models in practice - a case study with the simplified methods of ISO 13790 standard and detailed modelling programs

The updated ISO 13790 Standard is part of the new set of CEN Standards that supports the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) requirement for a general framework for calculation of the energy consumption of buildings. The Standard sets out procedures for space heating and cooling energy calculations, allowing the use of three different methods: a simplified monthly quasi-steady state method, a simple-hourly method and detailed simulation. This paper examines the implications of allowing different methods to be used for assessing the energy usage. The research method used was to undertake a comparison of the various methods applied to a common building specification, with parametric analyses of variations in this specification. The paper discusses differences in results for heating and cooling requirements between the simplified methods and when a detailed simulation program (ESP-r) is used with constrained (according to the Standard) inputs and with a number of unconstrained inputs. The case where two different detailed simulation programs (ESP-r and EnergyPlus) are used in practice for the same building is also included and conclusions are drawn regarding the practical use of different detailed modelling programs against the simplified methods, as well as against each other.