Fluoride removal by using a batch electrocoagulation reactor

Ingestion of excess fluoride is a public health concern. It affects the teeth (fluorosis) and bones and in some areas of the world fluorosis is endemic. There are several methods for fluoride removal and one such method is electrocoagulation that has recently received attention as a suitable option. Colloid destabilizing agents that effect charge neutralization are produced by electrolysis in an electrocoagulation system. Reduced sludge production, no requirement for chemical handling and ease of operation are some of the advantages of this process. Experiments were undertaken to investigate the effects of the different parameters such as: current density (6.25 - 31.25 A/m2), electrolysis time (5-60 min), electrolyte pH (5.5-8.5), and electrical conductivity (100 and 10000 pmhos/cm) on the fluoride removal efficiency in a batch electrocoagulator. The results obtained showed that the electrocoagulation technology is an effective process for defluoridation of potable water supplies and could also be utilized to the defluoridation of industrial wastewater.